Chapter XI
Captain Morgan resolving to attack and plunder the city of Puerto Bello, equips a fleet, and with little expense and small forces takes it.
SOME may think that the French having deserted Captain Morgan, the English alone could not have sufficient courage to attempt such great actions as before. But Captain Morgan, who always communicated vigour with his words, infused such spirit into his men, as put them instantly upon new designs; they being all persuaded that the sole execution of his orders would be a certain means of obtaining great riches, which so influenced their minds, that with inimitable courage they all resolved to follow him, as did also a certain pirate of Campechy, who on this occasion joined with Captain Morgan, to seek new fortunes under his conduct. Thus Captain Morgan in a few days gathered a fleet of nine sail, either ships or great boats, wherein he had four hundred and sixty military men.
All things being ready, they put forth to sea, Captain Morgan imparting his design to nobody at present; he only told them on several occasions, that he doubted not to make a good fortune by that voyage, if strange occurrences happened not. They steered towards the continent, where they arrived in a few days near Costa Rica, all their fleet safe. No sooner had they discovered land but Captain Morgan declared his intentions to the captains, and presently after to the company. He told them he intended to plunder Puerto Bello by night, being resolved to put the whole city to the sack: and to encourage them he added, this enterprise could not fail, seeing he had kept it secret, without revealing it to anybody, whereby they could not have notice of his coming. To this proposition some answered, "they had not a sufficient number of men to assault so strong and great a city." But Captain Morgan replied, "If our number is small, our hearts are great; and the fewer persons we are, the more union and better shares we shall have in the spoil." Hereupon, being stimulated with the hope of those vast riches they promised themselves from their success, they unanimously agreed to that design. Now, that my reader may better comprehend the boldness of this exploit, it may be necessary to say something beforehand of the city of Puerto Bello.
This city is in the province of Costa Rica, 10 deg. north latitude, fourteen leagues from the gulf of Darien, and eight westwards from the port called Nombre de Dios. It is judged the strongest place the king of Spain possesses in all the West Indies, except Havanna and Carthagena. Here are two castles almost impregnable, that defend the city, situate at the entry of the port, so that no ship or boat can pass without permission. The garrison consists of three hundred soldiers, and the town is inhabited by about four hundred families. The merchants dwell not here, but only reside awhile, when the galleons come from or go for Spain, by reason of the unhealthiness of the air, occasioned by vapours from the mountains; so that though their chief warehouses are at Puerto Bello, their habitations are at Panama, whence they bring the plate upon mules, when the fair begins, and when the ships belonging to the company of negroes arrive to sell slaves.
Captain Morgan, who knew very well all the avenues of this city and the neighbouring coasts, arrived in the dusk of the evening at Puerto de Naos, ten leagues to the west of Puerto Bello. Being come hither, they sailed up the river to another harbour called Puerto Pontin, where they anchored: here they put themselves into boats and canoes, leaving in the ships only a few men to bring them next day to the port. About midnight they came to a place called Estera longa Lemos, where they all went on shore, and marched by land to the first posts of the city: they had in their company an Englishman, formerly a prisoner in those parts, who now served them for a guide: to him and three or four more they gave commission to take the sentinel, if possible, or kill him on the place: but they seized him so cunningly, as he had no time to give warning with his musket, or make any noise, and brought him, with his hands bound, to Captain Morgan, who asked him how things went in the city, and what forces they had; with other circumstances he desired to know. After every question they made him a thousand menaces to kill him, if he declared not the truth. Then they advanced to the city, carrying the said sentinel bound before them: having marched about a quarter of a league, they came to the castle near the city, which presently they closely surrounded, so that no person could get either in or out.
Being posted under the walls of the castle, Captain Morgan commanded the sentinel, whom they had taken prisoner, to speak to those within, charging them to surrender to his discretion; otherwise they should all be cut in pieces, without quarter. But they regarding none of these threats, began instantly to fire, which alarmed the city; yet notwithstanding, though the governor and soldiers of the said castle made as great resistance as could be, they were forced to surrender. Having taken the castle, they resolved to be as good as their words, putting the Spaniards to the sword, thereby to strike a terror into the rest of the city. Whereupon, having shut up all the soldiers and officers as prisoners into one room, they set fire to the powder (whereof they found great quantity) and blew up the castle into the air, with all the Spaniards that were within. This done, they pursued the course of their victory, falling upon the city, which, as yet, was not ready to receive them. Many of the inhabitants cast their precious jewels and money into wells and cisterns, or hid them in places underground, to avoid, as much as possible, being totally robbed. One of the party of pirates, assigned to this purpose, ran immediately to the cloisters, and took as many religious men and women as they could find. The governor of the city, not being able to rally the citizens, through their great confusion, retired to one of the castles remaining, and thence fired incessantly at the pirates: but these were not in the least negligent either to assault him, or defend themselves, so that amidst the horror of the assault, they made very few shots in vain; for aiming with great dexterity at the mouths of the guns, the Spaniards were certain to lose one or two men every time they charged each gun anew.
This continued very furious from break of day till noon; yea, about this time of the day the case was very dubious which party should conquer, or be conquered. At last, the pirates perceiving they had lost many men, and yet advanced but little towards gaining either this, or the other castles, made use of fire-balls, which they threw with their hands, designing to burn the doors of the castles; but the Spaniards from the walls let fall great quantities of stones, and earthen pots full of powder, and other combustible matter, which forced them to desist. Captain Morgan seeing this generous defence made by the Spaniards, began to despair of success. Hereupon, many faint and calm meditations came into his mind; neither could he determine which way to turn himself in that strait. Being thus puzzled, he was suddenly animated to continue the assault, by seeing English colours put forth at one of the lesser castles, then entered by his men; of whom he presently after spied a troop coming to meet him, proclaiming victory with loud shouts of joy. This instantly put him on new resolutions of taking the rest of the castles, especially seeing the chiefest citizens were fled to them, and had conveyed thither great part of their riches, with all the plate belonging to the churches and divine service.
To this effect, he ordered ten or twelve ladders to be made in all haste, so broad, that three or four men at once might ascend them: these being finished, he commanded all the religious men and women, whom he had taken prisoners, to fix them against the walls of the castle. This he had before threatened the governor to do, if he delivered not the castle: but his answer was, "he would never surrender himself alive." Captain Morgan was persuaded the governor would not employ his utmost force, seeing the religious women, and ecclesiastical persons, exposed in the front of the soldiers to the greatest danger. Thus the ladders, as I have said, were put into the hands of religious persons of both sexes, and these were forced, at the head of the companies, to raise and apply them to the walls: but Captain Morgan was fully deceived in his judgment of this design; for the governor, who acted like a brave soldier in performance of his duty, used his utmost endeavour to destroy whosoever came near the walls. The religious men and women ceased not to cry to him, and beg of him, by all the saints of heaven, to deliver the castle, and spare both his and their own lives; but nothing could prevail with his obstinacy and fierceness. Thus many of the religious men and nuns were killed before they could fix the ladders; which at last being done, though with great loss of the said religious people, the pirates mounted them in great numbers, and with not less valour, having fire-balls in their hands, and earthen pots full of powder; all which things, being now at the top of the walls, they kindled and cast in among the Spaniards.
This effort of the pirates was very great, insomuch that the Spaniards could no longer resist nor defend the castle, which was now entered. Hereupon they all threw down their arms, and craved quarter for their lives; only the governor of the city would crave no mercy, but killed many of the pirates with his own hands, and not a few of his own soldiers; because they did not stand to their arms. And though the pirates asked him if he would have quarter; yet he constantly answered, "By no means, I had rather die as a valiant soldier, than be hanged as a coward." They endeavoured as much as they could to take him prisoner, but he defended himself so obstinately, that they were forced to kill him, notwithstanding all the cries and tears of his own wife and daughter, who begged him, on their knees, to demand quarter, and save his life. When the pirates had possessed themselves of the castle, which was about night, they enclosed therein all the prisoners, placing the women and men by themselves, with some guards: the wounded were put in an apartment by itself, that their own complaints might be the cure of their diseases; for no other was afforded them.
This done, they fell to eating and drinking, as usual; that is, committing in both all manner of debauchery and excess, so that fifty courageous men might easily have retaken the city, and killed all the pirates. Next day, having plundered all they could find, they examined some of the prisoners (who had been persuaded by their companions to say they were the richest of the town), charging them severely to discover where they had hid their riches and goods. Not being able to extort anything from them, they not being the right persons, it was resolved to torture them: this they did so cruelly, that many of them died on the rack, or presently after. Now the president of Panama being advertised of the pillage and ruin of Puerto Bello, he employed all his care and industry to raise forces to pursue and cast out the pirates thence; but these cared little for his preparations, having their ships at hand, and determining to fire the city, and retreat. They had now been at Puerto Bello fifteen days, in which time they had lost many of their men, both by the unhealthiness of the country, and their extravagant debaucheries.
Hereupon, they prepared to depart, carrying on board all the pillage they had got, having first provided the fleet with sufficient victuals for the voyage. While these things were doing, Captain Morgan demanded of the prisoners a ransom for the city, or else he would burn it down, and blow up all the castles; withal, he commanded them to send speedily two persons, to procure the sum, which was 100,000 pieces of eight. To this effect two men were sent to the president of Panama, who gave him an account of all. The president, having now a body of men ready, set forth towards Puerto Bello, to encounter the pirates before their retreat; but, they, hearing of his coming, instead of flying away, went out to meet him at a narrow passage, which he must pass: here they placed a hundred men, very well armed, which at the first encounter put to flight a good party of those of Panama. This obliged the president to retire for that time, not being yet in a posture of strength to proceed farther. Presently after, he sent a message to Captain Morgan, to tell him, "that if he departed not suddenly with all his forces from Puerto Bello, he ought to expect no quarter for himself, nor his companions, when he should take them, as he hoped soon to do." Captain Morgan, who feared not his threats, knowing he had a secure retreat in his ships, which were at hand, answered, "he would not deliver the castles, before he had received the contribution money he had demanded; which if it were not paid down, he would certainly burn the whole city, and then leave it, demolishing beforehand the castles, and killing the prisoners."
The governor of Panama perceived by this answer that no means would serve to mollify the hearts of the pirates, nor reduce them to reason: hereupon, he determined to leave them, as also those of the city whom he came to relieve, involved in the difficulties of making the best agreement they could. Thus in a few days more the miserable citizens gathered the contributions required, and brought 100,000 pieces of eight to the pirates for a ransom of their cruel captivity: but the president of Panama was much amazed to consider that four hundred men could take such a great city, with so many strong castles, especially having no ordnance, wherewith to raise batteries, and, what was more, knowing the citizens of Puerto Bello had always great repute of being good soldiers themselves, and who never wanted courage in their own defence. This astonishment was so great, as made him send to Captain Morgan, desiring some small pattern of those arms wherewith he had taken with much vigour so great a city. Captain Morgan received this messenger very kindly, and with great civility; and gave him a pistol, and a few small bullets, to carry back to the president his master; telling him, withal, "he desired him to accept that slender pattern of the arms wherewith he had taken Puerto Bello, and keep them for a twelvemonth; after which time he promised to come to Panama, and fetch them away." The governor returned the present very soon to Captain Morgan, giving him thanks for the favour of lending him such weapons as he needed not; and, withal, sent him a ring of gold, with this message, "that he desired him not to give himself the labour of coming to Panama, as he had done to Puerto Bello: for he did assure him, he should not speed so well here, as he had done there."
After this, Captain Morgan (having provided his fleet with all necessaries, and taken with him the best guns of the castles, nailing up the rest) set sail from Puerto Bello with all his ships, and arriving in a few days at Cuba, he sought out a place wherein he might quickly make the dividend of their spoil. They found in ready money 250,000 pieces of eight, besides other merchandises; as cloth, linen, silks, &c. With this rich purchase they sailed thence to their common place of rendezvous, Jamaica. Being arrived, they passed here some time in all sorts of vices and debaucheries, according to their custom; spending very prodigally what others had gained with no small labour and toil.
9. Не верь следователю
Записки «вредителя». Часть II. Тюрьма. 9. Не верь следователю
Я вернулся в камеру в удрученном состоянии. У следователя я чувствовал больше злобы, чем волнения; оставшись же наедине с самим собой, я не чувствовал твердости. Убьют — несомненно, как убили всех моих друзей. Погибнут жена и сын, потому что у них конфискуют все, а жену сошлют. Так было с семьями «48-ми». Я должен умереть молча, дожидаясь дня, когда вызовут «с вещами», когда поведут коридорами вниз, в подвал, скрутят руки, накинут на голову мешок и кто-нибудь из этих мерзавцев пустит сзади пулю в затылок. Так нет же, не будет этого, не дамся я, как теленок на бойне. Я все обдумал и решил на следующем допросе убить следователя. Оружие, необходимое для этого, было у сидевших со мной в камере уголовных. У них был столовый нож, наточенный так, что они им брились. Был треугольный напильник, которым можно было бы действовать как стилетом, если приделать к нему ручку от ножа. Наконец, был стальной брусок, не менее пятисот граммов весом. Я остановился на этом бруске. Его можно было спрятать в рукав, и он был достаточно тяжел, чтобы одним ударом проломить череп. Промахнуться мне не хотелось. Надо действовать наверняка. Барышников ходил с револьвером в кобуре, но держал себя неосторожно, когда кончал допрос. Он шел мимо меня к вешалке, где висела его шинель и шапка, становился ко мне спиной, когда снимал шинель. Этот момент надо использовать, чтобы нанести удар. Он должен был рухнуть на пол, я мог завладеть револьвером, выскочить в буфет и при удаче успеть застрелить еще двух-трех следователей. Меня убили бы в сумятице и перестрелке. Картина мне представлялась заманчивой. Я наказал бы этого негодяя, из-за которого погиб С. В.
23. Понятие «контролируемой поставки» как комплексного оперативно-розыскного мероприятия органов государственной безопасности (внутренних дел)
Перевал Дятлова. Смерть, идущая по следу... 23. Понятие «контролируемой поставки» как комплексного оперативно-розыскного мероприятия органов государственной безопасности (внутренних дел)
Однако, сильно радиоактивные вещи среди поклажи туристов всё же оказались. И это обстоятельство заставляет предполагать, что поход группы Игоря Дятлова с самого начала планировался как очень необычный. В этом нас убеждает ряд весьма странных событий и совпадений, связанных как с отдельными участниками похода, так и событиями вокруг него. Смеем предположить, что переноска вещей осуществлялась отнюдь не в тайне от компетентных органов и не являлась преступной. Кто-то из группы Игоря Дятлова нёс два свитера и штаны с радиоактивной пылью для передачи их в заранее обусловленном месте группе "транзитных" агентов. Передача эта планировалась изначально, причём задолго до похода, и встреча с "транзитёрами" на склоне Холат-Сяхыл вовсе не была случайной. Запланированную КГБ операцию мы назвали бы сейчас "контролируемой поставкой", но в те годы такого понятия не существовало. Впервые это словосочетание появилось в 1988 г. в "Конвенции ООН о борьбе против незаконного оборота наркотических средств и психотропных веществ". В самом широком смысле под "контролируемой поставкой" понимается метод, при котором допускаются вывоз, провоз или ввоз на территорию одного или нескольких государств незаконных или вызывающих подозрение партий груза с ведома и под надзором их компетентных органов в целях расследования какого-либо преступления и выявления лиц, участвующих в совершении этого преступления.
Paleolithic
Paleolithic : from 2.6 million years to 12 000 BC
Paleolithic : from 2.6 million years to 12 000 BC.
XXIII. Домой
Побег из ГУЛАГа. Часть 1. XXIII. Домой
На улицах было жарко, пыльно и душно. Окна кооперативов стояли совершенно пустые. На тележках продавали какую-то вялую зелень. Все шли усталые, скучные. В трамвае ссорились и переругивались. А все-таки, если бы установить всеобщую повинность и пересажать всех обывателей в ГПУ, они бы поняли, что нельзя так спокойно ходить по Шпалерке, считая, что это их не касается, пока их самих туда не засадили. Они поняли бы цену жизни и воли, чтобы вовремя ее защитить, а не таскали по улицам свою серую скуку, свою жалкую жизнь, опустошенную нуждой и страхом, пока их не засадят в застенок. Дома я нашла то, что ожидала: чужие люди, беспорядок, распроданные вещи. Дома, очага не существовало более, но сквозь горечь и боль утрат прорвался и вернул к жизни один крик: — Мама!.. Крик, полный восторга, изумления, любви, невысказанного горя, всего, что накопилось в его одиноком крохотном сердце. — Мама, мама, мама! — говорил он тихо, громко, ласково, жалобно, на все голоса, не находя больше слов. — Почему ты такой худой и бледный? — спросила я, ощупывая его повсюду. Как было замечательно, что я могла его трогать и гладить, моего брошенного мальчика. — Ты болел? — Нет, только один раз, немножко. У меня была крапивная лихорадка. Но я отнес твою передачу в тот день, чтобы ты не волновалась. Доктор сказал, что можно.
XIV. Потеряли направление
Побег из ГУЛАГа. Часть 3. XIV. Потеряли направление
На следующий день путь наш опять усложнился. Прекрасный сосновый лес кончился, пришлось снова нырять по логам и оврагам. Солнце то светило, то пряталось, а направление вдали невозможно было отметить, так все менялось за каждым холмиком и долинкой. Вся местность была словно нарублена и забросана обрывками хребтов и гривок, расходившихся в разных направлениях. Теперь ясно было, что между нашей исходной русской долиной и финской, которую мы себе наметили, лежала эта, как говорится, пересеченная местность, совершенно смазанная на картах. Каково действительное расстояние между верховьями русской и финской рек, как надо выпутаться из этих хаотично разбросанных хребтов? — Остается одно — идти на запад, — настаивала я. — Ломиться через хребты тоже невозможно, — возражал муж. — Надо искать большую долину и пытаться по ней спуститься в Финляндию. В таких местах население всегда держится рек. Они с сыном сделали восхождение на высокую гору и вернулись радостные. — Километрах в десяти река, направление как будто на юг. Много лиственных деревьев. Прекрасная, богатая долина. Если мы уже в Финляндии, южное направление нам не страшно. Дошли до речки, почти весь день пробиваясь между болотами и ручьями. Речка текла прямо на север, то есть могла в любой момент вывести нас обратно, на русскую территорию. Это всех пришибло. Опять болотистые берега, низкие сплошные облака и ни признака солнца. С отчаяния решили перейти речку вброд, потому что противоположный берег казался суше. Издрогли, перемучились и попали в еще худшее болото.
3. «А ну, давай к следователю»
Записки «вредителя». Часть II. Тюрьма. 3. «А ну, давай к следователю»
Из-за решетки громко выкрикнули мою фамилию. Мне давали дорогу и по пути оглядывали с любопытством — новенький. У решетки стоял тюремный страж — красноармеец, конвоир. Он повторил фамилию. — Я. — Имя, отчество? Назвал свое имя и отчество. — Давай к следователю. Я уже хотел идти, как кто-то из заключенных остановил меня и быстро, вполголоса, сказал: — Это на допрос. Возьмите еды. Помните одно — не верьте следователю. Я вернулся, взял в карман яблоко. — А ну, давай! — торопил страж. Я вышел в коридор. Опять по лестницам, через решетчатые переборки в каждом этаже, со щелканьем замка и лязгом двери, которую дежурный постоянно захлопывает с усердием и спешкой. Второй этаж. Буфет для следователей: на прилавке экспортные папиросы, пирожные, бутерброды, фрукты. Такого буфета нет нигде, кроме учреждений ГПУ и кремлевских. Из буфета шел коридор, от которого массивной стеной с решеткой был отделен второй, параллельный коридор, куда выходили нумерованные кабинеты следователей. Конвойный, все время ведя меня перед собой, доставил меня к двери и постучал. Послышалось что-то неясное в ответ. — Давай! — скомандовал он мне. Я открыл дверь и вошел в кабинет. «Давай!» на скупом тюремном языке значит очень много. Давай — на прогулку. «Давай в пальто без вещей» — значит на Гороховую, на верные пытки. «Давай с вещами!» — на расстрел, и точно так же, но исключительно редко — на волю. Кабинет — маленькая комната размера одиночной камеры.
The pirates of Panama or The buccaneers of America
John Esquemeling : New York, Frederick A. Stokes company publishers, 1914
A true account of the famous adventures and daring deeds of Sir Henry Morgan and other notorious freebooters of the Spanish main by John Esquemeling, one of the buccaneers who was present at those tragedies. Contents
Ссылки
Ссылки : материалы на Русском и других языках, использующих Кириллицу
Глава 28
Сквозь ад русской революции. Воспоминания гардемарина. 1914–1919. Глава 28
К середине ноября 1919 года офицеры и солдаты Северо-западной армии были интернированы в Эстонии. Хотя недостаток видения перспективы не позволял нам четко представлять истинные причины поражения белых, все понимали, что гражданская война заканчивается. Естественным следствием этого было наше полное физическое, духовное и эмоциональное истощение. Не осталось ничего, кроме острого чувства одиночества и отчаяния. Солдаты Белой армии не надеялись больше увидеть свои дома и семьи. Они превратились в пленников на чужой, враждебной территории без всяких перспектив обрести более приемлемые условия, поскольку не имели ни транспортных, ни денежных средств и нигде не были желанными гостями. Свое новое положение особенно отчетливо мы осознали в день отбытия англичан. Оставаться им не было никакого смысла: война закончилась. Они стремились домой и получили приказ отбыть на родину. Когда же мы собрались на вокзале, чтобы проводить их, от дружелюбия, взаимопонимания, сложившегося в течение нескольких месяцев нашего сотрудничества, не осталось и следа. Расставание проходило в атмосфере неловкости и сдержанности. Сознание того, что они нас бросают, заставляло англичан чувствовать себя весьма неловко, мы же безмолвно стояли и смотрели, как они садятся на поезд, увозящий их в нормальную жизнь. Когда поезд скрывался в отдалении, мы бросили прощальный взгляд на громоздкие силуэты танков, высившиеся на фоне западного небосклона. Обида жгла наши души, когда мы вернулись к своей убогой неопределенной жизни в казармах. Люди пали духом. У нас не было никаких дел, нечем было занять и свой мозг.
1492 - 1559
From 1492 to 1559
From the Discovery of America by Christopher Columbus in 1492 to the end of the Italian Wars in 1559.
Часть III. Концлагерь
Записки «вредителя». Часть III. Концлагерь
Chapter XIV
The pirates of Panama or The buccaneers of America : Chapter XIV
What happened in the river De la Hacha. THESE four ships setting sail from Hispaniola, steered for the river De la Hacha, where they were suddenly overtaken with a tedious calm. Being within sight of land becalmed for some days, the Spaniards inhabiting along the coast, who had perceived them to be enemies, had sufficient time to prepare themselves, at least to hide the best of their goods, that, without any care of preserving them, they might be ready to retire, if they proved unable to resist the pirates, by whose frequent attempts on those coasts they had already learned what to do in such cases. There was then in the river a good ship, come from Carthagena to lade with maize, and now almost ready to depart. The men of this ship endeavoured to escape; but, not being able to do it, both they and the vessel fell into their hands. This was a fit purchase for them, being good part of what they came for. Next morning, about break of day, they came with their ships ashore, and landed their men, though the Spaniards made good resistance from a battery they had raised on that side, where, of necessity, they were to land; but they were forced to retire to a village, whither the pirates followed them.