Chapter VI
Of the origin of Francis Lolonois, and the beginning of his robberies.
FRANCIS LOLONOIS was a native of that territory in France which is called Les Sables d'Olone, or The Sands of Olone. In his youth he was transported to the Caribbee islands, in quality of servant, or slave, according to custom; of which we have already spoken. Being out of his time, he came to Hispaniola; here he joined for some time with the hunters, before he began his robberies upon the Spaniards, which I shall now relate, till his unfortunate death.
At first he made two or three voyages as a common mariner, wherein he behaved himself so courageously as to gain the favour of the governor of Tortuga, Monsieur de la Place; insomuch that he gave him a ship, in which he might seek his fortune, which was very favourable to him at first; for in a short time he got great riches. But his cruelties against the Spaniards were such, that the fame of them made him so well known through the Indies, that the Spaniards, in his time, would choose rather to die, or sink fighting, than surrender, knowing they should have no mercy at his hands. But Fortune, being seldom constant, after some time turned her back; for in a huge storm he lost his ship on the coast of Campechy. The men were all saved, but coming upon dry land, the Spaniards pursued them, and killed the greatest part, wounding also Lolonois. Not knowing how to escape, he saved his life by a stratagem; mingling sand with the blood of his wounds, with which besmearing his face, and other parts of his body, and hiding himself dextrously among the dead, he continued there till the Spaniards quitted the field.
They being gone, he retired to the woods, and bound up his wounds as well as he could. These being pretty well healed, he took his way to Campechy, having disguised himself in a Spanish habit; here he enticed certain slaves, to whom he promised liberty if they would obey him and trust to his conduct. They accepted his promises, and stealing a canoe, they went to sea with him. Now the Spaniards, having made several of his companions prisoners, kept them close in a dungeon, while Lolonois went about the town and saw what passed. These were often asked, "What is become of your captain?" To whom they constantly answered, "He is dead" which rejoiced the Spaniards, who made bonfires, and, knowing nothing to the contrary, gave thanks to God for their deliverance from such a cruel pirate. Lolonois, having seen these rejoicings for his death, made haste to escape, with the slaves above-mentioned, and came safe to Tortuga, the common refuge of all sorts of wickedness, and the seminary, as it were, of pirates and thieves. Though now his fortune was low, yet he got another ship with craft and subtlety, and in it twenty-one men. Being well provided with arms and necessaries, he set forth for Cuba, on the south whereof is a small village, called De los Cayos. The inhabitants drive a great trade in tobacco, sugar, and hides, and all in boats, not being able to use ships, by reason of the little depth of that sea.
Lolonois was persuaded he should get here some considerable prey; but by the good fortune of some fishermen who saw him, and the mercy of God, they escaped him: for the inhabitants of the town dispatched immediately a vessel overland to the Havannah, complaining that Lolonois was come to destroy them with two canoes. The governor could very hardly believe this, having received letters from Campechy that he was dead: but, at their importunity, he sent a ship to their relief, with ten guns, and ninety men, well armed; giving them this express command, "that they should not return into his presence without having totally destroyed those pirates." To this effect he gave them a negro to serve for a hangman, and orders, "that they should immediately hang every one of the pirates, excepting Lolonois, their captain, whom they should bring alive to the Havannah." This ship arrived at Cayos, of whose coming the pirates were advertised beforehand, and instead of flying, went to seek it in the river Estera, where she rode at anchor. The pirates seized some fishermen, and forced them by night to show them the entry of the port, hoping soon to obtain a greater vessel than their two canoes, and thereby to mend their fortune. They arrived, after two in the morning, very nigh the ship; and the watch on board the ship asking them, whence they came, and if they had seen any pirates abroad? They caused one of the prisoners to answer, they had seen no pirates, nor anything else. Which answer made them believe that they were fled upon hearing of their coming.
But they soon found the contrary, for about break of day the pirates assaulted the vessel on both sides, with their two canoes, with such vigour, that though the Spaniards behaved themselves as they ought, and made as good defence as they could, making some use of their great guns, yet they were forced to surrender, being beaten by the pirates, with sword in hand, down under the hatches. From hence Lolonois commanded them to be brought up, one by one, and in this order caused their heads to be struck off: among the rest came up the negro, designed to be the pirates' executioner; this fellow implored mercy at his hands very dolefully, telling Lolonois he was constituted hangman of that ship, and if he would spare him, he would tell him faithfully all that he should desire. Lolonois, making him confess what he thought fit, commanded him to be murdered with the rest. Thus he cruelly and barbarously put them all to death, reserving only one alive, whom he sent back to the governor of the Havannah, with this message in writing: "I shall never henceforward give quarter to any Spaniard whatsoever; and I have great hopes I shall execute on your own person the very same punishment I have done upon them you sent against me. Thus I have retaliated the kindness you designed to me and my companions." The governor, much troubled at this sad news, swore, in the presence of many, that he would never grant quarter to any pirate that should fall into his hands. But the citizens of the Havannah desired him not to persist in the execution of that rash and rigorous oath, seeing the pirates would certainly take occasion from thence to do the same, and they had an hundred times more opportunity of revenge than he; that being necessitated to get their livelihood by fishery, they should hereafter always be in danger of their lives. By these reasons he was persuaded to bridle his anger, and remit the severity of his oath.
Now Lolonois had got a good ship, but very few provisions and people in it; to purchase both which, he resolved to cruise from one port to another. Doing thus, for some time, without success, he determined to go to the port of Maracaibo. Here he surprised a ship laden with plate, and other merchandises, outward bound, to buy cocoa-nuts. With this prize he returned to Tortuga, where he was received with joy by the inhabitants; they congratulating his happy success, and their own private interest. He stayed not long there, but designed to equip a fleet sufficient to transport five hundred men, and necessaries. Thus provided, he resolved to pillage both cities, towns, and villages, and finally, to take Maracaibo itself. For this purpose he knew the island of Tortuga would afford him many resolute and courageous men, fit for such enterprises: besides, he had in his service several prisoners well acquainted with the ways and places designed upon.
1603 - 1648
С 1603 по 1648 год
От смерти Елизаветы I Английской в 1603 до Вестфальского мира и конца Тридцатилетней войны в 1648.
Middle Paleolithic by Zdenek Burian
Zdenek Burian : Reconstruction of Middle Paleolithic daily life
Neanderthals or Homo neanderthalensis. Reconstruction of Middle Paleolithic everyday life by Zdenek Burian, an influential 20th century palaeo-artist, painter and book illustrator from Czechoslovakia. The images represent an artistic rendition of the concepts spread around the middle of 20th century: the look and way of life attributed to Neanderthals or Homo neanderthalensis. Many of the beliefs were not universal even in those days and in large part have been dropped or refined since then. There is still no common consent reached on many important issues. For example: how much Neanderthals were similar to modern humans in look and behavior or if they were able to use speech or if they were actually real hunters, not scavengers in somewhat commensal relationship with other species of their environment.
1453 - 1492
From 1453 to 1492
Last period of Late Middle Ages. From the fall of Constantinople in 1453 to the Discovery of America by Christopher Columbus in 1492.
Глава 16
Сквозь ад русской революции. Воспоминания гардемарина. 1914–1919. Глава 16
В первые недели большевистского правления личные проблемы отошли на второй план. Убеждение в неминуемости очередного переворота столь прочно засело в умах большинства людей, что казалось бессмысленным приспосабливаться к новым условиям. Но с течением времени россияне столкнулись с прозаической необходимостью поиска способов зарабатывать на жизнь. Банковские депозиты изъяли, ценные бумаги обесценились, прочее имущество было конфисковано или не годилось для продажи. Мужчины, женщины и дети нигде не находили опоры, работа не давала надежного заработка, и найти ее было нелегко. Перестали работать частные предприятия, советские власти занимались реорганизацией правительственных учреждений, армия высвобождала миллионы здоровых, работоспособных мужчин, которые не имели понятия, каким образом следует налаживать жизнь в атмосфере хаоса. В качестве временного выхода из положения молодые образованные россияне объединялись в трудовые артели, заключавшие контракты на разные виды работ. Армейские и флотские офицеры, кадеты, гардемарины, студенты университета входили в артели подобного рода. Та, к которой присоединился я, не отличалась от других. Нас было сто человек, мы выбрали из своей среды председателя, в обязанности которого входило обеспечивать контракты, принимать платежи и справедливо распределять деньги среди членов артели. К счастью, наш председатель оказался весьма предприимчивым, а та зима – необычайно снежной. В течение нескольких дней мы освоили расчистку улиц и тротуаров, а также сбивание с крыш больших и тяжелых сосулек. Физический труд на свежем зимнем воздухе после месяцев переживаний и неопределенности доставлял большое удовольствие.
Нижний Палеолит
Нижний Палеолит. Период примерно от 2.6 миллионов до 300 000 лет назад
Нижний Палеолит. Период примерно от 2.6 миллионов до 300 000 лет назад.
Chapter III
The voyage of the Beagle. Chapter III. Maldonado
Monte Video Excursion to R. Polanco Lazo and Bolas Partridges Absence of Trees Deer Capybara, or River Hog Tucutuco Molothrus, cuckoo-like habits Tyrant-flycatcher Mocking-bird Carrion Hawks Tubes formed by Lightning House struck. July 5th, 1832—In the morning we got under way, and stood out of the splendid harbour of Rio de Janeiro. In our passage to the Plata, we saw nothing particular, excepting on one day a great shoal of porpoises, many hundreds in number. The whole sea was in places furrowed by them; and a most extraordinary spectacle was presented, as hundreds, proceeding together by jumps, in which their whole bodies were exposed, thus cut the water. When the ship was running nine knots an hour, these animals could cross and recross the bows with the greatest of ease, and then dash away right ahead. As soon as we entered the estuary of the Plata, the weather was very unsettled. One dark night we were surrounded by numerous seals and penguins, which made such strange noises, that the officer on watch reported he could hear the cattle bellowing on shore. On a second night we witnessed a splendid scene of natural fireworks; the mast-head and yard-arm-ends shone with St. Elmo's light; and the form of the vane could almost be traced, as if it had been rubbed with phosphorus. The sea was so highly luminous, that the tracks of the penguins were marked by a fiery wake, and the darkness of the sky was momentarily illuminated by the most vivid lightning. When within the mouth of the river, I was interested by observing how slowly the waters of the sea and river mixed.
Upper Paleolithic by Zdenek Burian
Zdenek Burian : Reconstruction of Upper Paleolithic daily life
Cro-Magnons, early modern humans or Homo sapiens sapiens (50 000 - 10 000 years before present). Reconstruction of Upper Paleolithic daily life by Zdenek Burian, an influential 20th century palaeo-artist, painter and book illustrator from Czechoslovakia. The images represent an artistic rendition of the ideas used to circulate in the middle of 20th century: what was it like for European early modern humans or Cro-Magnons to live during the last Ice Ages (from about 40 000 to 12 000 years before present). Some of the concepts are put in doubt today, some are still retaining their value.
XII. Финляндия
Побег из ГУЛАГа. Часть 3. XII. Финляндия
Рассвет. Кругом бело. Из-за тумана ничего не видно; ни признака солнца, ни розовой полоски зари. Отец с сыном пошли на разведку. Я продолжала лежать; не могла себя заставить хотя бы пойти собрать черники. Вернулись. Теперь муж лег, я пошла бродить, чтобы не пропустить солнца. Чтобы занять себя, собирала чернику, рассыпанную на крохотных кустиках, потонувших во мху. Несколько ягод — и взгляд на небо. Что это? Как будто наметилось движение облаков, или это обман глаз, до слез уставших смотреть на белизну? Нет. Облака пошли выше, стали собираться группами. Разбудила мужа. Пока мы радостно суетились, солнце вышло по-настоящему. Собрались, скатились к речке. В пышных зарослях поймы вылетела на солнце масса блестящих, ярких жуков и бабочек; полярное лето кончалось, все торопились жить. На косогоре, где когда-то был пожар, выросли целые плантации цветов и ягодников. Многочисленные выводки тетеревов то и дело вырывались из-под самых ног и разбегались в заросли полярной березки. Дальше все чаще стали попадаться сшибленные и обкусанные грибы. Так хорошо, весело мы шли часов шесть — семь, но река после прямого западного направления повернула на север. — Надо сворачивать, — решил отец. Пошли по берегу. Опять болото, ивняк, комары. Муж становился все мрачнее. — Вода, наверное, ледяная, простужу всех вас. — Зато вымоемся. Шесть дней не умывались. Река оказалась глубокой и широкой. Нечего делать, надо было раздеваться и идти вброд. Муж пошел первый. Сразу, с берега, глубина была по пояс. Он шел наискось, борясь с сильным течением. Вода бурлила, становилось глубже.
Таблица 2а
Короли подплава в море червонных валетов. Приложение. Таблица 2а. Сроки постройки и службы советских подводных лодок 1927–1941 гг.
Сроки постройки и службы советских подводных лодок 1927–1941 гг. Названия, типы и серии подводных лодок Дата закладки и зав. № Даты спуска на воду Даты вступления в строй Прохождение службы Окончание службы Балтийский судостроительный завод № 189, Ленинград «Д-1» «Декабрист», Д-I 05.03.27 №177 03.11.28 18.11.30 БФ (30–33); СФ (33–40) 13.11.40 затонула в результате аварии в Мотовском заливе при глубоководном погружении «Д-2» «Народоволец», ДI 05.03.27 №178 19.05.29 11.10.31 БФ (31–33), СФ (33–39); БФ, ВОВ (39–?) На вечной стоянке в Санкт-Петербурге у Шкиперской протоки «Д-3» «Красногвардеец», Д-I 05.03.27 №179 12.07.31 14.11.31 БФ (31–33); СФ ВОВ (33–42) 06.42 погибла к северу от м. Хьельнес «Л-1» «Ленинец», Л-II 06.09.29 №195 28.02.31 22.10.33 БФ (33–41), СФВ (39–40). 08.11.41, затонула в Неве при артобстреле В 944 г. поднята, в строй не вводилась.
1095 - 1291
С 1095 по 1291 год
Ранний период Высокого Средневековья. От Клермонского собора в 1095 до падения Аккры в 1291.
XXII. Последний допрос
Побег из ГУЛАГа. Часть 1. XXII. Последний допрос
Пришло лето: июнь, июль. Все изнывали от жары и духоты. Толстые каменные стены отдавали сырость, накопленную за десятки лет. В камерах было парко, как в скверном погребе. Ничего не делая, не двигаясь, мы худели и бледнели хуже, чем зимой, а надзирательницы приходили загорелые, веселые от солнца. Кончался пятый месяц моей отсидки и десятый, как арестовали мужа. Четыре с половиной месяца прошло, как мне предъявили обвинение и перестали вызывать на допросы. Я ничего не знала и не могла понять, когда же конец «делу». — Теперь ждите, — говорили старые надзирательницы. У них были свои приметы и, привыкнув к терпеливой заключенной, они невольно начали жалеть меня. — У нас всегда так: если через два месяца не выпустят, ждите пяти, а что на допрос не зовут — это хорошо. Из женских одиночек почти все получили пять — десять лет лагерей. Они оставались до утверждения приговора московским ГПУ, которое судило их заочно, и с тяжким равнодушием дотягивали последние дни тюрьмы, за которой ждала ссылка в мороз и голод. Одна пережила смертный приговор, замененный десятью годами Соловков. И для меня тянулись дни бессмысленно и тупо. Вдруг вызов. К допросу. Конец! Какой конец? Как можно передать, что значит идти навстречу приговору? Откуда-то ползет, охватывает безумный, дикий протест. Как? Идти самой, чтобы услышать нелепый приговор себе, мужу, ребенку? Молча прочесть и подписать определение тупых профессионалов ГПУ? Все было, как в кошмарном сне: кабинет следователя, за окном все та же ветка, но с пыльными, сохнущими листьями.